工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(Industrial?Personal?Computer)通俗的(de)(de)(de)(de)說就(jiu)是專門(men)為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)現(xian)場(chang)而設計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)電(dian)腦(nao)(nao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境要(yao)(yao)惡劣，有(you)些(xie)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)品牌(pai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)確實能(neng)(neng)在(zai)相(xiang)同環(huan)(huan)境運行，或許還能(neng)(neng)穩(wen)(wen)定，但不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)保證(zheng)長時(shi)間穩(wen)(wen)定工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，很多工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作在(zai)無人區，是不(bu)(bu)允許有(you)任何(he)錯誤的(de)(de)(de)(de)，穩(wen)(wen)定高(gao)于(yu)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)電(dian)子(zi)元件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)料上就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)不(bu)(bu)同于(yu)普(pu)通商(shang)務電(dian)腦(nao)(nao)，也是成(cheng)本差別。市場(chang)面也不(bu)(bu)同，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)接口需求在(zai)現(xian)在(zai)家用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)腦(nao)(nao)上有(you)些(xie)已(yi)經被淘汰，而工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)電(dian)腦(nao)(nao)則需求而且超常(chang)規。系統架構(gou)不(bu)(bu)全相(xiang)同，只是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)做了(le)某(mou)些(xie)特殊設計(ji)保持(chi)了(le)其與普(pu)通商(shang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)硬件(jian)(jian)互換性(xing)(xing)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)可(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)、穩(wen)(wen)定性(xing)(xing)、耐候性(xing)(xing)、抗震(zhen)性(xing)(xing)、防水防塵(chen)性(xing)(xing)、抗干擾(rao)性(xing)(xing)、可(ke)擴展性(xing)(xing)、EMC兼容性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)等(deng)(deng)方面肯(ken)定要(yao)(yao)優于(yu)商(shang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，元器(qi)件(jian)(jian)多是選用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)級甚(shen)至部(bu)分采用(yong)(yong)(yong)軍用(yong)(yong)(yong)級的(de)(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)樣才能(neng)(neng)適(shi)應工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)現(xian)場(chang)環(huan)(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)現(xian)場(chang)一(yi)般(ban)具有(you)強(qiang)烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)震(zhen)動，灰塵(chen)特別多，另有(you)很高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)磁場(chang)力干擾(rao)等(deng)(deng)特點(dian)，且一(yi)般(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠均(jun)是連續作業(ye)(ye)即(ji)一(yi)年(nian)中一(yi)般(ban)沒有(you)休(xiu)息。因此(ci)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與普(pu)通計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)(ji)相(xiang)比必須具有(you)以下特點(dian)：

      1)機箱采用鋼結構，有較高的防磁、防塵、防沖擊的能力。
      2)機箱內有專用底板，底板上有PCI和ISA插槽。
      3)機箱內有專門電源，電源有較強的抗干擾能力。
      4)要求具有連續長時間工作能力。
      5)一般采用便于安裝的標準機箱(4U標準機箱較為常見)