工(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)機(Industrial?Personal?Computer)通(tong)俗(su)的(de)(de)說(shuo)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)專門為工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)現場(chang)(chang)而(er)設計(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)機，工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)(nao)的(de)(de)環境(jing)要(yao)(yao)惡劣，有(you)些(xie)好的(de)(de)品牌(pai)機確實能(neng)(neng)(neng)在相(xiang)同(tong)環境(jing)運行，或許還能(neng)(neng)(neng)穩(wen)定，但不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)保證長(chang)時間(jian)穩(wen)定工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，很多(duo)工(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)機是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)在無人區(qu)，是(shi)(shi)不(bu)允許有(you)任何錯誤的(de)(de)，穩(wen)定高于性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。工(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)機在電(dian)(dian)子元件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)料上(shang)就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)不(bu)同(tong)于普通(tong)商務電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)(nao)，也是(shi)(shi)成(cheng)本差別。市場(chang)(chang)面(mian)也不(bu)同(tong)，工(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)機的(de)(de)接口需(xu)求在現在家(jia)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)(nao)上(shang)有(you)些(xie)已經被淘汰，而(er)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)電(dian)(dian)腦(nao)(nao)則需(xu)求而(er)且超常規(gui)。系統(tong)架(jia)構不(bu)全相(xiang)同(tong)，只是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)機做了某(mou)些(xie)特(te)殊設計(ji)(ji)(ji)保持了其與普通(tong)商用(yong)(yong)機的(de)(de)硬件(jian)(jian)互換性(xing)。工(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)機在可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)、穩(wen)定性(xing)、耐候性(xing)、抗(kang)震性(xing)、防水防塵性(xing)、抗(kang)干擾(rao)性(xing)、可(ke)擴展(zhan)性(xing)、EMC兼容性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)等方面(mian)肯定要(yao)(yao)優于商用(yong)(yong)機，元器件(jian)(jian)多(duo)是(shi)(shi)選用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)級(ji)甚(shen)至部(bu)分采用(yong)(yong)軍用(yong)(yong)級(ji)的(de)(de)，這樣才能(neng)(neng)(neng)適應(ying)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)現場(chang)(chang)環境(jing)的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求。工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)現場(chang)(chang)一般具(ju)有(you)強烈的(de)(de)震動，灰塵特(te)別多(duo)，另(ling)有(you)很高的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁場(chang)(chang)力干擾(rao)等特(te)點(dian)，且一般工(gong)(gong)廠均是(shi)(shi)連(lian)續作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)即一年(nian)中一般沒有(you)休息。因此，工(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)機與普通(tong)計(ji)(ji)(ji)算(suan)機相(xiang)比(bi)必須具(ju)有(you)以下(xia)特(te)點(dian)：

      1)機箱采用鋼結構，有較高的防磁、防塵、防沖擊的能力。
      2)機箱內有專用底板，底板上有PCI和ISA插槽。
      3)機箱內有專門電源，電源有較強的抗干擾能力。
      4)要求具有連續長時間工作能力。
      5)一般采用便于安裝的標準機箱(4U標準機箱較為常見)